The first inhabitants of today's Hungary are Thracians, Illyrians and Slavs who lived in the north and east (the Carpathian region) .In 4 in .to n .e .on these lands came the Celts and Dacians, who formed the Dacian power or Dacia .To 2 in .n .e .here Roman domination was established, and in .5 in .the Germanic peoples were founded .In the middle of the 7th century another large player appeared on the territory of Hungary - the Danube Slavdom .By the Middle Ages, the territory was divided as follows: the north, part of the Carpathians in the east and the south-west were inhabited by Slavs (Great Moravia or Moravia), Slovenes settled in the ancient Pannonia and Norik, Transylvania and Banat were replaced by nomadic Avars, Romanians and Austrians) settled in the west of the country, partially occupying the same Transylvania .
Establishment of Hungary
However, all these nationalities were not destined to found the present Hungarian state. The ancestors of the Hungarians - the Magyars - came here from the steppes of the southern Urals, moving through the territory of Ukraine in the steppes of the middle Danube. Fixed in this territory, they undertook predatory trips to Moravia and Bavaria, stopping their raids only after a bloody battle on the Lekh River in 955 ±$$ An independent Hungarian kingdom appears on the map of Europe in the thousandth year of our era. A strong and progressive state in the first few decades of existence adds to its territory Slovakia, Transylvania, Croatia and Srem. At that time, the kingdom is actively developing both economically and culturally, the borders of the state are increasing.
Even the 13th century, marked by the attack of the Mongolian army, which defeated the joint Hungarian-Croatian army, and the enemy raids, failed to shake the statehood of Hungary. The pan-European process of urbanization and centralization begins. Economic prosperity and socio-political stability, which began in the country under the Charles of Anjou, during the entire 14th century. was preserved under Lajos Velik, having had a great influence on the development of culture, science and art in the Hungarian kingdom.
The Ottoman Empire and the arrival of the Habsburgs
In the 15th century, the rise of the state was interrupted due to the fact that the renovated Turkish army took control of most of the Hungarian possessions..The Austrian rulers of the Habsburg dynasty gave the enemy a serious rebuff and in fact divided the kingdom into Hapsburg Hungary (northwest), which remained under Austrian influence, the Transylvanian principality, actually under the influence of Turkey, and the lands that were part of the Ottoman Empire (central and southern Hungary) $ .Partisan resistance in the occupied territories continued until the end of the 17th в ., when Austria completely ousted the Ottoman invaders .
From this moment the state passes under the rule of the Habsburg dynasty. However, the ruling family in every possible way oppressed the rights of Protestants and the civil rights of other residents, because of which the majority of the population was dissatisfied with their rule. A serious opposition is forming in the country: the peak of discontent with the Habsburg rule falls on 1848-1849, when an unsuccessful civil revolution, suppressed with the involvement of Russian troops, took place in the country. The main result of the revolution was the destruction of the serfdom in Hungary.
Austria-Hungary
In 1867, after the defeat of Austria in the war with Prussia, it was decided to grant Hungary the status of a separate state (Austro-Hungary), associated with Austria only in economic terms..This period in the history of the country lasted about half a century (from 1867 to 1918 .) and was named Dualism, that is, a return to the old traditions and only partial participation of the Austrian crown .Thus, the Austrian government solved two problems at once: it significantly reduced its expenditures in the post-war decadent state and stopped the mouths of the opposition, granting them certain rights .The new king of the state was Franz Joseph + $ .
| Here, still in the honor of manual labor |
| The ruins of Sigliget are dumb witnesses of the history of the country |
| Traditional Holidays |
The independence of Hungary is
The First World War led to the disintegration of Austria-Hungary and the creation of an independent Hungarian republic, which lasted several months, and then under the influence of a social democratic party turned into the Hungarian Socialist Republic. The latter also existed only a few months and was overthrown by the Romanian army. At the same time, Transylvania separated from Hungary.
Since 1920, a military dictatorship has been established in Hungary, and right up to the outbreak of World War II the state successfully developed, expanded its borders and increased its economic and military power.
Hungary in the Second World War. Postwar period
In the war, Hungary took the side of fascist Germany, however, as is known, this led to a number of negative consequences for the country, one of which was massive repression directed against Jews. It is also worth noting that many military conflicts took place on the territory of Hungary. In 1945, the state was taken under the control of the Red Army and became pro-communist. The control of the Communist Party in the country was strong until 1989, despite a major anti-communist uprising that occurred in 1956.
Republic
In 1989, Hungary became a parliamentary republic. Since then, the economy has begun to develop rapidly in the country. The government paved the way for the creation of an independent constitutional state with freedom of speech and a democratic regime throughout the territory. This path was not without complications, but it was thanks to this policy that Hungary became a modern developed and progressive European state.